Module tf.core.files

def abspath(path):
    return normpath(os.path.abspath(path))

def annotateDir(app, tool):
    """Return the input and output and report directories for a specific annotation tool.

    *   The input directory is located next to the TF data of the corpus
    *   The output directory is located in the `_temp` directory next to the TF data of
        the corpus
        of the corpus

    Parameters
    ----------
    app: object
        the TF app
    tool: string
        The name of the annotation tool

    Returns
    -------
    string
        The path of the working directory for that tool and that corpus
    """
    context = app.context
    appPath = context.appPath
    localDir = context.localDir
    baseDir = dirNm(appPath)
    return (f"{baseDir}/{tool}", f"{localDir}/{tool}")

def backendRep(be, kind, default=None):
    """Various back-end dependent values.

    First of all, the back-end value is
    normalized. Then related values are computed.

    Parameters
    ----------
    be: string or None
        The raw back-end value.
        It will be normalized first, where missing, undefined, empty values are
        converted to the string `github`, and other values will be lower-cased.
        Also, `github.com` and `gitlab.com` will be shortened to `github` and `gitlab`.

    kind: string
        Indicates what kind of related value should be returned:

        *   `norm`: the normalized value as described above
        *   `tech`: technology of the back-end: either `github` or `gitlab` or None;
            we assume that there is only one GitHub; that there are many GitLabs;
            any back-end that is not `github` is an instance of `gitlab`.
        *   `name`: lowercase shortest name of the back-end: `github` or `gitlab`
            or a server name like `gitlab.huc.knaw.nl`
        *   `machine`: lowercase machine name of the back-end: `github.com` or
            `gitlab.com`
            or a server name like `gitlab.huc.knaw.nl`
        *   `spec`: enclosed in `<` and `>`. Depending on the parameter `default`
            the empty string is returned instead.
        *   `clone`: base directory where clones of repos in this back-end are stored
            `~/github`, etc.
        *   `cache`: base directory where data downloads from this back-end are stored:
            `~/text-fabric-data/github`, etc.
        *   `url`: URL of the online back-end
        *   `urlnb`: URL of notebooks from the online back-end, rendered on NB-Viewer
        *   `pages`: base URL of the Pages service of the back-end

    default: boolean, optional False
        Only relevant for `kind` = `rep`.
        If `default` is passed and not None and `be` is equal to `default`,
        then the empty string is returned.

        Explanation: this is used to supply a back-end specifier to a module
        but only if that module has a different back-end than the main module.

    Returns
    -------
    string
    """

    be = (be or "").lower()
    be = (
        GH
        if be in {None, "", GH, f"{GH}.com"}
        else GL
        if be in {GL, f"{GL}.com"}
        else be
    )
    beTail = ".".join(be.split(".")[1:])

    if kind == "norm":
        return be

    if kind == "tech":
        return be if be in {GH, GL} else GL

    if kind == "name":
        return "GitHub" if be == GH else "GitLab" if be == GL else be

    if kind == "machine":
        return "github.com" if be == GH else "gitlab.com" if be == GL else be

    if kind == "rep":
        if default is not None:
            default = backendRep(default, "norm")
            if be == default:
                return ""
        return f"<{be}>"

    if kind == "clone":
        return f"{_homeDir}/{be}"

    if kind == "cache":
        return f"{_homeDir}/text-fabric-data/{be}"

    if kind == "url":
        return URL_GH if be == GH else URL_GL if be == GL else f"https://{be}"

    if kind == "urlapi":
        return (
            URL_GH_API if be == GH else URL_GL_API if be == GL else f"https://api.{be}"
        )

    if kind == "urlupload":
        return (
            URL_GH_UPLOAD
            if be == GH
            else URL_GL_UPLOAD
            if be == GL
            else f"https://api.{be}"
        )

    if kind == "urlnb":
        return f"{URL_NB}/{be}"

    if kind == "pages":
        return f"{GH}.io" if be == GH else f"{GL}.io" if be == GL else f"pages.{beTail}"
    return None

def chDir(directory):
    """Change to other directory.

    Parameters
    ----------
    directory: string
        The directory to change to.
    """
    return os.chdir(directory)

def clearTree(path):
    """Remove all files from a directory, recursively, but leave subdirectories.

    Reason: we want to inspect output in an editor.
    But if we remove the directories, the editor looses its current directory
    all the time.

    Parameters
    ----------
    path:
        The directory in question. A leading `~` will be expanded to the user's
        home directory.
    """

    subdirs = []
    path = expanduser(path)

    with os.scandir(path) as dh:
        for (i, entry) in enumerate(dh):
            name = entry.name
            if name.startswith("."):
                continue
            if entry.is_file():
                os.remove(f"{path}/{name}")
            elif entry.is_dir():
                subdirs.append(name)

    for subdir in subdirs:
        clearTree(f"{path}/{subdir}")

def dirAllFiles(path, ignore=None):
    """Gets all the files found by `path`.

    The result is just `[path]` if `path` is a file, otherwise the list of files under
    `path`, recursively.

    The files are sorted alphabetically by path name.

    Parameters
    ----------
    path: string
        The path to the file or directory on the file system.
    ignore: set
        Names of directories that must be skipped

    Returns
    -------
    tuple of string
        The names of the files under `path`, starting with `path`, followed
        by the bit relative to `path`.
    """
    if fileExists(path):
        return [path]

    if not dirExists(path):
        return []

    files = []

    if not ignore:
        ignore = set()

    for entry in os.listdir(path):
        name = f"{path}/{entry}"

        if os.path.isfile(name):
            files.append(name)
        elif os.path.isdir(name):
            if entry in ignore:
                continue
            files.extend(dirAllFiles(name, ignore=ignore))

    return tuple(sorted(files))

def dirContents(path):
    """Gets the contents of a directory.

    Only the direct entries in the directory (not recursively), and only real files
    and folders.

    The list of files and folders will be returned separately.
    There is no attempt to sort the files.

    Parameters
    ----------
    path: string
        The path to the directory on the file system.

    Returns
    -------
    tuple of tuple
        The subdirectories and the files.
    """
    if not dirExists(path):
        return ((), ())

    files = []
    dirs = []

    for entry in os.listdir(path):
        if os.path.isfile(f"{path}/{entry}"):
            files.append(entry)
        elif os.path.isdir(f"{path}/{entry}"):
            dirs.append(entry)

    return (tuple(files), tuple(dirs))

def dirCopy(pathSrc, pathDst, noclobber=False):
    """Copies a directory if it exists as directory.

    Wipes the destination directory, if it exists.
    """
    if dirExists(pathSrc):
        if dirExists(pathDst):
            if noclobber:
                return False
        dirRemove(pathDst)
        copytree(pathSrc, pathDst)
        return True
    else:
        return False

def dirEmpty(target):
    target = normpath(target)
    return not os.path.exists(target) or not os.listdir(target)

def dirExists(path):
    """Whether a path exists as directory on the file system."""
    return (
        False
        if path is None
        else True
        if path == ""
        else os.path.isdir(path)
        if path
        else True
    )

def dirMake(path):
    """Creates a directory if it does not already exist as directory."""
    if not dirExists(path):
        os.makedirs(path, exist_ok=True)

def dirMove(pathSrc, pathDst):
    """Moves a directory if it exists as directory.

    Refuses the operation in the target exists.
    """
    if not dirExists(pathSrc) or dirExists(pathDst):
        return False
    os.rename(pathSrc, pathDst)
    return True

def dirNm(path):
    """Get the directory part of a file name."""
    return os.path.dirname(path)

def dirRemove(path):
    """Removes a directory if it exists as directory."""
    if dirExists(path):
        rmtree(path)

def expandDir(obj, dirName):
    if dirName.startswith("~"):
        dirName = dirName.replace("~", obj.homeDir, 1)
    elif dirName.startswith(".."):
        dirName = dirName.replace("..", obj.parentDir, 1)
    elif dirName.startswith("."):
        dirName = dirName.replace(".", obj.curDir, 1)
    return normpath(dirName)

def expanduser(path):
    nPath = normpath(path)
    if nPath.startswith("~"):
        return f"{_homeDir}{nPath[1:]}"

    return nPath

def extNm(path):
    """Get the extension part of a file name.

    The dot is not included.
    If there is no extension, the empty string is returned.
    """
    parts = fileNm(path).rsplit(".", 1)
    return "" if len(parts) == 0 else parts[-1]

def fileCopy(pathSrc, pathDst):
    """Copies a file if it exists as file.

    Wipes the destination file, if it exists.
    """
    if pathSrc == pathDst:
        return

    if fileExists(pathSrc):
        fileRemove(pathDst)
        copy(pathSrc, pathDst)

def fileCopyExpr(dirSrc, dirDst):
    """Copies the `__checkout__.txt` file from one directory to an other.

    Wipes the destination file, if it exists.
    """
    pathSrc = f"{dirSrc}/{EXPRESS_SYNC}"
    pathDst = f"{dirDst}/{EXPRESS_SYNC}"

    if pathSrc == pathDst:
        return

    if fileExists(pathSrc):
        fileRemove(pathDst)
        copy(pathSrc, pathDst)

def fileExists(path):
    """Whether a path exists as file on the file system."""
    return os.path.isfile(path)

def fileMove(pathSrc, pathDst):
    """Moves a file if it exists as file.

    Wipes the destination file, if it exists.
    """
    if fileExists(pathSrc):
        fileRemove(pathDst)
    os.rename(pathSrc, pathDst)

def fileNm(path):
    """Get the file part of a file name."""
    return os.path.basename(path)

def fileOpen(*args, **kwargs):
    """Wrapper around `open()`, making sure `encoding="utf8" is passed.

    This function calls `open()` with the same arguments, but if the optional
    argument `encoding` is missing and the mode argument does not contain a `b`
    (binary file), then `encoding="utf8"` is supplied.
    """

    if "encoding" in kwargs or ("mode" in kwargs and "b" in kwargs["mode"]):
        return open(*args, **kwargs)
    return open(*args, **kwargs, encoding="utf8")

def fileRemove(path):
    """Removes a file if it exists as file."""
    if fileExists(path):
        os.remove(path)

def getCwd():
    """Get current directory.

    Returns
    -------
    string
        The current directory.
    """
    return os.getcwd()

def getLocation(targetDir=None):
    """Get back-end, org, repo, relative of directory.

    Parameters
    ----------
    targetDir: string, optional None
        If None, we take the current directory.
        Otherwise, if it starts with a `/` we take it as the absolute
        target directory.
        Otherwise, we append it to the absolute path of the current directory,
        with a `/` in between.

    We assume the target directory is somewhere inside

    `~/backend/org/repo`

    If it is immediately inside this, we set `relative` to `""`.

    If it is deeper down, we assume the reference directory is the parent of the
    current directory, and the path of this parent, relative to the repo directory
    goes into the `relative` component, preceded with a backslash if it is non-empty.

    Returns
    -------
    tuple
        Consisting of `backend`, `org`, `repo`, `relative`.
        `relative` is either empty or it starts with a "/" plus a non-empty path.
    """
    curDir = normpath(os.getcwd())
    if targetDir is not None:
        targetDir = normpath(targetDir)

    destDir = (
        curDir
        if targetDir is None
        else targetDir
        if targetDir.startswith("/")
        else f"{curDir}/{targetDir}"
    )
    destDir = unexpanduser(destDir)

    if not destDir.startswith("~/"):
        return (None, None, None, None)

    destDir = destDir.removeprefix("~/")
    parts = destDir.split("/")

    if len(parts) == 1:
        return (parts[0], None, None, None)
    if len(parts) == 2:
        return (parts[0], parts[1], None, None)
    if len(parts) in {2, 3}:
        return (parts[0], parts[1], parts[2], "")

    relative = prefixSlash("/".join(parts[3:-1]))
    return (parts[0], parts[1], parts[2], relative)

def initTree(path, fresh=False, gentle=False):
    """Make sure a directory exists, optionally clean it.

    Parameters
    ----------
    path:
        The directory in question. A leading `~` will be expanded to the user's
        home directory.

        If the directory does not exist, it will be created.

    fresh: boolean, optional False
        If True, existing contents will be removed, more or less gently.

    gentle: boolean, optional False
        When existing content is removed, only files are recursively removed, not
        subdirectories.
    """

    path = expanduser(path)
    exists = os.path.exists(path)
    if fresh:
        if exists:
            if gentle:
                clearTree(path)
            else:
                rmtree(path)

    if not exists or fresh:
        os.makedirs(path, exist_ok=True)

def isDir(path):
    """Whether path exists and is a directory."""
    return os.path.isdir(path)

def isFile(path):
    """Whether path exists and is a file."""
    return os.path.isfile(path)

def normpath(path):
    if path is None:
        return None
    norm = os.path.normpath(path)
    return "/".join(norm.split(os.path.sep))

def prefixSlash(path):
    """Prefix a / before a path if it is non-empty and not already starts with it."""
    return f"/{path}" if path and not path.startswith("/") else path

def readJson(text=None, plain=False, asFile=None, preferTuples=False):
    """Read a JSON file or string.

    The input data is either a text string or a file name or a file handle.
    Exactly one of the optional parameters `text` and `asFile` should be `None`.

    Parameters
    ----------
    text: string, optional None
        The input text if it is a string.
    asFile: string | object, optional None
        The input text if it is a file.
        If the value of `asFile` is a string, it is taken as a file name to read.
        Otherwise, it is taken as a file handle from which data can be read.
    plain: boolean, optional False
        If True, it return a dictionary, otherwise it wraps the data structure
        recursively in an AttrDict.
    preferTuples: boolean, optional False
        If the resulting data structure is to be wrapped in an AttrDict,
        we will represent lists as tuples.

    Returns
    -------
    object
        The resulting data structure.
    """
    if asFile is None:
        cfg = json.loads(text)
    else:
        if type(asFile) is str:
            if fileExists(asFile):
                with fileOpen(asFile) as fh:
                    cfg = json.load(fh)
            else:
                cfg = {}
        else:
            # in this case asFile should be a file handle
            cfg = json.load(asFile)

    return cfg if plain else deepAttrDict(cfg, preferTuples=preferTuples)

def readYaml(text=None, plain=False, asFile=None, preferTuples=True, preferLists=True):
    """Read a YAML file or string.

    The input data is either a text string or a file name or a file handle.
    Exactly one of the optional parameters `text` and `asFile` should be `None`.

    Parameters
    ----------
    text: string, optional None
        The input text if it is a string.
    asFile: string | object, optional None
        The input text if it is a file.
        If the value of `asFile` is a string, it is taken as a file name to read.
        Otherwise, it is taken as a file handle from which data can be read.
    plain: boolean, optional False
        If True, it return a dictionary, otherwise it wraps the data structure
        recursively in an AttrDict.
    preferTuples: boolean, optional False
        If the resulting data structure is to be wrapped in an AttrDict,
        we will represent lists as tuples.

    Returns
    -------
    object
        The resulting data structure.
    """
    kwargs = dict(Loader=yaml.FullLoader)

    if asFile is None:
        cfg = yaml.load(text, **kwargs)
    else:
        if fileExists(asFile):
            with fileOpen(asFile) as fh:
                cfg = yaml.load(fh, **kwargs)
        else:
            cfg = {}

    return cfg if plain else deepAttrDict(cfg, preferTuples=preferTuples)

def replaceExt(path, newExt):
    """Replace the extension of a path by another one. Specify it without dot."""
    (main, ext) = os.path.splitext(path)
    return f"{main}.{newExt}"

def setDir(obj):
    obj.homeDir = expanduser("~")
    obj.curDir = normpath(os.getcwd())
    (obj.parentDir, x) = os.path.split(obj.curDir)

def splitPath(path):
    """Split a file name in a directory part and a file part."""
    return os.path.split(path)

def str_presenter(dumper, data):
    """configures yaml for dumping multiline strings
    Ref: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8640959
    """
    if data.count('\n') > 0:  # check for multiline string
        return dumper.represent_scalar('tag:yaml.org,2002:str', data, style='|')

    return dumper.represent_scalar('tag:yaml.org,2002:str', data)

def stripExt(path):
    """Strip the extension of a file name, if there is one."""
    (d, f) = (dirNm(path), fileNm(path))
    sep = "/" if d else ""
    return f"{d}{sep}{f.rsplit('.', 1)[0]}"

def unexpanduser(path):
    nPath = normpath(path)
    # if nPath.startswith(_homeDir):
    #    return f"~{nPath[len(_homeDir):]}"

    return nPath.replace(_homeDir, "~")

def writeJson(data, asFile=None, **kwargs):
    """Write data as JSON.

    The output is either delivered as string or written to a file.

    Parameters
    ----------
    data: object
        The input data.
    asFile: string | object, optional None
        The output destination.
        If `None`, the output text is delivered as the function result.
        If the value of `asFile` is a string, it is taken as a file name to write to.
        Otherwise, it is taken as a file handle to which text can be written.
    kwargs: dict, optional {}
        Additional paramters for the underlying json.dump method.
        By default, we use `indent=1, ensure_ascii=False`.

    Returns
    -------
    str | void
        If asFile is not None, the function returns None and the result is written
        to a file. Otherwise, the result string is returned.
    """
    if "indent" not in kwargs:
        kwargs["indent"] = 1
    if "ensure_ascii" not in kwargs:
        kwargs["ensure_ascii"] = False

    if type(asFile) is str:
        with fileOpen(asFile, "w") as fh:
            json.dump(data, fh, **kwargs)
    else:
        dumped = json.dumps(data, **kwargs)

        if asFile is None:
            return dumped

        asFile.write(dumped)

def writeYaml(data, asFile=None, sorted=False):
    """Write data as YAML.

    The output is either delivered as string or written to a file.

    Parameters
    ----------
    data: object
        The input data.
    asFile: string | object, optional None
        The output destination.
        If `None`, the output text is delivered as the function result.
        If the value of `asFile` is a string, it is taken as a file name to write to.
        Otherwise, it is taken as a file handle to which text can be written.
    sorted: boolean, optional False
        If True, when writing out a dictionary, its keys will be sorted.

    Returns
    -------
    str | void
        If asFile is not None, the function returns None and the result is written
        to a file. Otherwise, the result string is returned.
    """
    kwargs = dict(allow_unicode=True, sort_keys=sorted)

    if type(asFile) is str:
        with fileOpen(asFile, mode="w") as fh:
            yaml.dump(data, fh, **kwargs)
    else:
        dumped = yaml.dump(data, **kwargs)

        if asFile is None:
            return dumped

        asFile.write(dumped)